In a compelling and insightful talk, Smita Mukerji delves into the intricate dynamics surrounding the Indian National Army (INA) during World War II, particularly focusing on the prevalent issue of desertions. The discussion unfolds as Mukerji explores the multifaceted factors contributing to soldiers abandoning their posts, offering a nuanced understanding of the complexities involved.
Mukerji identifies three fundamental factors underpinning desertions: the breakdown of discipline, deficient regimental cohesiveness, and a lack of motivation. She elaborates on these factors, attributing the breakdown of discipline to issues like insufficient drilling for fresh recruits or challenges faced by new commanding officers in establishing trust. The deficient regimental cohesiveness is examined as a consequence of soldiers joining the INA to escape captivity hardships or coercion rather than a genuine commitment to the cause of freedom. An intriguing perspective is introduced regarding the impact of Turkey’s alignment along the anti-Axis powers on Muslim soldiers. Mukerji suggests that some Muslim officers may have felt conflicted, perceiving their fight against powers allied with Turkey as disloyalty to Islam. However, she emphasizes that this might have played a role, but it was not a decisive factor. The talk sheds light on the diverse motivations behind soldiers joining the INA, ranging from patriotic fervor to coercion and self-advancement. Despite challenges, a significant number of officers remained loyal to their oaths, enduring harsh consequences such as being sent to work on the infamous Death Railway.
Regimental loyalty emerges as a critical factor influencing soldiers’ decisions, with Mukerji noting that regiments with officers who remained together displayed stronger bonds and loyalty. The discussion touches upon specific regiments, illustrating how factors like Punjabi Muslim soldiers’ strong loyalty to the British could deter others from joining the INA. The uncertainty over the war’s outcome is highlighted as a factor in soldiers’ decision-making, with the belief that Japan might not emerge victorious influencing their commitment to the British. The talk provides a nuanced exploration of the intricacies surrounding desertions in the British Indian Army during World War II, offering valuable insights into the diverse motivations, influences, and challenges faced by soldiers during this tumultuous period.
